Sublaminar wires are typically used to apply which type of corrective force to the spinal column?

Sublaminar wires are primarily used to apply a translational force to the spinal column. This technique involves positioning the wires beneath the lamina of the vertebrae, enabling surgeons to achieve appropriate alignment and stability of the spinal elements. By anchoring the wires to the rods of a spinal implant system, clinicians can effectively translate the vertebrae in a controlled manner. This is particularly important for correcting deformities and ensuring proper spinal alignment during procedures like scoliosis correction, where precise manipulation and translation are critical for restoring normal spinal curvature.

Distraction and compression forces can also be applied in spinal surgery, but they are facilitated through different methods and devices, such as distraction rods or compression screws. Fixation generally refers to securing the spine in place, often through devices that provide stability but do not necessarily involve the translational adjustment that sublaminar wires allow. Hence, the focus on translation as the primary corrective force applied by sublaminar wires makes this the correct choice in the context of spine surgery.