What is the primary function of surface cup electrodes in neurophysiologic monitoring?

The primary function of surface cup electrodes in neurophysiologic monitoring is to provide a direct measurement of neuronal activity. These electrodes are designed to record electrical signals that are generated by neuronal cells, allowing clinicians to obtain real-time data on the functional status of the nervous system during surgical procedures. The ability to measure these electrical signals non-invasively is crucial for assessing the integrity of neural pathways and ensuring that essential areas of the brain and spinal cord are not compromised during surgery.

Surface cup electrodes are placed on the scalp or skin over the areas of interest, where they can capture the electrical activity occurring beneath them. This technique is vital in neurophysiologic monitoring, particularly in surgeries involving the brain or spine, as it helps in guiding surgical decisions and preventing nerve damage.