What type of artifact is most likely associated with blood warming equipment?

The association of 60 Hz artifact with blood warming equipment is attributed to electromagnetic interference from electrical sources. Blood warming devices often utilize electrical components that can emit a 60 Hz frequency, which is typical of power line frequency in North America. This interference can be picked up by the monitoring equipment, leading to a consistent rhythmic artifact at that frequency in the recordings.

Understanding the nature of electrical interference is crucial in intraoperative monitoring, as it can mask or mimic neural signals, potentially leading to misinterpretations. The 60 Hz artifact can often be identified during the monitoring process, and recognizing it allows clinicians to distinguish between genuine neural activity and interference resulting from external electrical equipment.

Baseline sway, popping electrodes, and increased stimulus artifacts are associated with different phenomena. Baseline sway generally pertains to low-frequency shifts in the signal, popping electrodes usually indicates poor electrode contact or movement, and increased stimulus artifacts occur as a result of suboptimal stimulus parameters or excessive stimulus intensity. Hence, the identification of a 60 Hz artifact is distinctly linked to the specific operational characteristics of blood warming equipment.